"Analysis: Hamas history tied to Israel" By Richard Sale

 

UPI Terrorism Correspondent   |   June 18, 2002 at 8:13 PM  

In the wake of a suicide bomb attack Tuesday on a crowded Jerusalem city bus that killed 19 people and wounded at least 70 more, the Islamic Resistance Movement, Hamas, took credit for the blast.

Israeli officials called it the deadliest attack in Jerusalem in six years.

Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon immediately vowed to fight "Palestinian terror" and summoned his cabinet to decide on a military response to the organization that Sharon had once described as "the deadliest terrorist group that we have ever had to face."

Active in Gaza and the West Bank, Hamas wants to liberate all of Palestine and establish a radical Islamic state in place of Israel. It is has gained notoriety with its assassinations, car bombs and other acts of terrorism.

But Sharon left something out.

Israel and Hamas may currently be locked in deadly combat, but, according to several current and former U.S. intelligence officials, beginning in the late 1970s, Tel Aviv gave direct and indirect financial aid to Hamas over a period of years.

Israel "aided Hamas directly -- the Israelis wanted to use it as a counterbalance to the PLO (Palestinian Liberation Organization)," said Tony Cordesman, Middle East analyst for the Center for Strategic Studies.

Israel's support for Hamas "was a direct attempt to divide and dilute support for a strong, secular PLO by using a competing religious alternative," said a former senior CIA official.

According to documents United Press International obtained from the Israel-based Institute for Counter Terrorism, Hamas evolved from cells of the Muslim Brotherhood, founded in Egypt in 1928. Islamic movements in Israel and Palestine were "weak and dormant" until after the 1967 Six Day War in which Israel scored a stunning victory over its Arab enemies.

After 1967, a great part of the success of the Hamas/Muslim Brotherhood was due to their activities among the refugees of the Gaza Strip. The cornerstone of the Islamic movements success was an impressive social, religious, educational and cultural infrastructure, called Da'wah, that worked to ease the hardship of large numbers of Palestinian refugees, confined to camps, and many who were living on the edge.

"Social influence grew into political influence," first in the Gaza Strip, then on the West Bank, said an administration official who spoke on condition of anonymity.

 

According to ICT papers, Hamas was legally registered in Israel in 1978 by Sheikh Ahmed Yassin, the movement's spiritual leader, as an Islamic Association by the name Al-Mujamma al Islami, which widened its base of supporters and sympathizers by religious propaganda and social work.

According to U.S. administration officials, funds for the movement came from the oil-producing states and directly and indirectly from Israel. The PLO was secular and leftist and promoted Palestinian nationalism. Hamas wanted to set up a transnational state under the rule of Islam, much like Khomeini's Iran.

What took Israeli leaders by surprise was the way the Islamic movements began to surge after the Iranian revolution, after armed resistance to Israel sprang up in southern Lebanon vis-à-vis the Hezbollah, backed by Iran, these sources said.

"Nothing provides the energy for imitation as much as success," commented one administration expert.

A further factor of Hamas' growth was the fact the PLO moved its base of operations to Beirut in the '80s, leaving the Islamic organization to grow in influence in the Occupied Territories "as the court of last resort," he said.

When the intifada began, Israeli leadership was surprised when Islamic groups began to surge in membership and strength. Hamas immediately grew in numbers and violence. The group had always embraced the doctrine of armed struggle, but the doctrine had not been practiced and Islamic groups had not been subjected to suppression the way groups like Fatah had been, according to U.S. government officials.

But with the triumph of the Khomeini revolution in Iran, with the birth of Iranian-backed Hezbollah terrorism in Lebanon, Hamas began to gain in strength in Gaza and then in the West Bank, relying on terror to resist the Israeli occupation.

Israel was certainly funding the group at that time. One U.S. intelligence source who asked not to be named said that not only was Hamas being funded as a "counterweight" to the PLO, Israeli aid had another purpose: "To help identify and channel towards Israeli agents Hamas members who were dangerous terrorists."

In addition, by infiltrating Hamas, Israeli informers could only listen to debates on policy and identify Hamas members who "were dangerous hard-liners," the official said.

In the end, as Hamas set up a very comprehensive counterintelligence system, many collaborators with Israel were weeded out and shot. Violent acts of terrorism became the central tenet, and Hamas, unlike the PLO, was unwilling to compromise in any way with Israel, refusing to acquiesce in its very existence.

But even then, some in Israel saw some benefits to be had in trying to continue to give Hamas support: "The thinking on the part of some of the right-wing Israeli establishment was that Hamas and the others, if they gained control, would refuse to have any part of the peace process and would torpedo any agreements put in place," said a U.S. government official who asked not to be named.

"Israel would still be the only democracy in the region for the United States to deal with," he said.

All of which disgusts some former U.S. intelligence officials.

"The thing wrong with so many Israeli operations is that they try to be too sexy," said former CIA official Vincent Cannestraro.

According to former State Department counter-terrorism official Larry Johnson, "the Israelis are their own worst enemies when it comes to fighting terrorism."

"The Israelis are like a guy who sets fire to his hair and then tries to put it out by hitting it with a hammer."

"They do more to incite and sustain terrorism than curb it," he said.

Aid to Hamas may have looked clever, "but it was hardly designed to help smooth the waters," he said. "An operation like that gives weight to President George Bush's remark about there being a crisis in education."

Cordesman said that a similar attempt by Egyptian intelligence to fund Egypt's fundamentalists had also come to grief because of "misreading of the complexities."

An Israeli defense official was asked if Israel had given aid to Hamas said, "I am not able to answer that question. I was in Lebanon commanding a unit at the time, besides it is not my field of interest."

Asked to confirm a report by U.S. officials that Brig. Gen. Yithaq Segev, the military governor of Gaza, had told U.S. officials he had helped fund "Islamic movements as a counterweight to the PLO and communists," the official said he could confirm only that he believed Segev had served back in 1986.

The Israeli Embassy press office referred UPI to its Web site when asked to comment.

 

Comments

[Castellio]

Timely.

[turcopolier]

All
back in that time period the Izzies told me that they had created Hamas as an internal competitor to the PLO who were then in Tunisia. Some of the smarter ones were not pleased and were sure that this was a long term problem that they had created for themselves. This reminds me of something a senior Hungarian MI officer said to me at dinner in Budapest. He said that if one painted a devil on a wall, there was always the risk that the devil would come down from there. pl

[The beaver]

Mr Sale

I used your article and that of Andrew Higgins to go head to head with a bunch of Megaphone Zionists back in 2010 ( a couple of dual nationals from Israel and Maryland in their 60s- one even claimed that he had worked for UPI before going to live in a kibbutz in northern Israel!!!) and I was told that it was false info :-(

I guess somehow and somewhere some spin-masters have decided to erase that part of their "evil History"

Higgins' article:
http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB123275572295011847

[Polar180]

Hamas has and always will be the canard for Israel as it serves the purpose of keeping the Palestinian leadership factions between it and PA Fatah fractious and unreliable as a bargaining partner. So much for the Oslo Peace Plan as Netanyahu had always wanted to sabotage. Case in point, the infiltration tunnels from Gaza into Israel were already completed. If Hamas would only send a sizable infiltration team to Sderot or any nearby Israeli settlement, they would have been able to easily tunnel their way right underneath one and taken Israeli hostages. The fact they have not done so and only showered their ineffective rockets to draw Israeli ire reveals a lot. Netty's withdrawl serves the purpose of leaving the Hamas in power also plays into this narrative as the Gazans could be starved into desperation, launch a few more rockets as well as give Israeli reservists and MIC a chance to target test their new Rafael or IAI wargear inventions as to mow the grass every few years.

[LJ]

Question: is Hamas, through cut outs, being run through some elements of Israeli intelligence? From my POV, Hamas seems to come in so handy in providing a hapless enemy that still unifies and terrorizes the Israeli populace. If Hamas did not exist, one would have to create it.... Oh, wait.

[Cee]

What Israel is doing is beyond evil.

http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=718492

[William R. Cumming]

Thanks Richard for re-posting this excellent comment!

[Origin]

All,

It is noteworthy and consistent with the history of the Israeli state the it created another terrorist organization to impose violence as a matter of practical policy. Imagine where we might be today if instead Israel had established a benevolent charitable organization to use good instead of evil to oppose the PLO. The Jewish State was birthed by violence. There is no benevolence there now. The violence and evil will never result in peace for the Jews.

[Babak Makkinejad]

Fram Sa'adi (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saadi_Shirazi):

A man was raising a wolf cub
when grown, tore apart the master

يکي بچه گرگ مي پروريد

چو پروده شد خواجه برهم دريد

[Siun]

May I highly recommend Australian journalist Paul McGeough's extremely interesting book Kill Khalid for a detailed account of Hamas early days as well as the Israeli attempt to assassinate Meshal.

I had the opportunity to lead a discussion with the author back in 2009 (http://firedoglake.com/2009/03/07/fdl-book-salon-welcomes-paul-mcgeough-author-of-kill-khalid/) and found his reporting essential to understanding Hamas.